Mbendi Information for Africa, South Africa: Mining industry profile, <www.mbendi,co.za/ indy/ming/mingsa.htm>, 14 January 1999.

Statistics South Africa, in Statistical Release P2041, suggests that the production of gold for the three months until October 1999 decreased by 2.7% after seasonal adjustment, compared to the previous three months, <www.statssa.gov.za/RELEASES/MINING/oct99/p2041.htm>, 14 January 2000.

South African Reserve Bank annual economic report 1999, <www.resbank.co.za/Economics/ year99/foreign.html>.

B Godsell, Chamber of Mines presidential review 1999, <bullion.org.za/bulza/speechs/ 1999spee/presadd.htm>, 14 January 2000.

Chamber of Mines of South Africa, The importance of gold mining to South Africa, <www.bullion.org.za/bulza/education/nbgold98.htm>, 14 January 2000.

Business Day, 12 October 2000, referring to Absa’s publication on South Africa’s foreign trade performance.

Chamber of Mines, The importance of gold mining in South Africa, op cit.

Chamber of Mines of South Africa, Economic overview: South African mining industry overview, 1998/99, Johannesburg, 1999.

R Baxter, Cape Times, 12 November 1999.

B Davison, Business Day, 13 January 2000.

Chamber of Mines, Online statistical tables, <www.bullion.org.za/panl/stabgold/ mongldpc.htm>.

On the basis that 1ounce = 28.3495 grams, the following average annual gold prices per gram on the London gold market were computed on the basis of the information supplied by this website:

1994: R48.09 per gram
1995: R49.15 per gram
1996: R58.70 per gram
1997: R53.74 per gram
1998: R57.25 per gram

The average price per gram over the above five years was R53.39 per gram.

Example 1: During a one-year period (1997), a person operating in Gauteng took about 400 kilograms of gold, valued at about R21 million, to a bank for sales. When questioned, he alleged that his register had been stolen out of his car and that he had no records available to indicate how he had obtained the gold.

Example 2: Between 1996 and 1998, a person operating from Gauteng took approximately 300 kilograms of gold, valued at about R15 million, for deposits to three different refineries. When arrested, 14 kilograms of unwrought gold in gold bars and 10 kilograms in the form of granules were confiscated. While this individual kept a register, more than 90% of the entries were false.

However, according to the annual report by the Rustenburg Diamond and Gold Branch, only one docket was reported stolen during the period 1997 to 1999.

Amplats produced about 1.9 million ounces, See Mbendi Information for Africa, Platinum mining overview, <www.mbendi.co.za/indy/ming/mingsa05.htm>. Implats produced 1.052 million ounces. See Implats Annual Report 1998/1999, <www.implats.co.za/ annual_report/1999/default.htm>.

Chamber of Mines of South Africa, Industry overview 1998, <www.bullion.org.za/bulza/ publications/Stats/Overvw.pdf>.

One of the mining groups supplied figures indicating that not all PGM material known to have been stolen was in fact recovered. The figures for 1996, 1997 and 1998 in Figure 20 are therefore not entirely accurate in that they reflect the full value of PGM material known to have been stolen, but not the full value of PGM material recovered. Even though the value of stolen PGMs that remain unrecovered is not substantial, it would not be appropriate to quantify it in this report without the specific approval of the mining company concerned.

Rustenburg CASE number 53/5/98.

Media statement by the Government Communication Service, 8 February 2000, obtained from V van der Walt, email: Vera@gcis.pwv.gov.za.

Crime Information Analysis Centre, Crime in the RSA for the period January to December 1994-1998, South African Police Service, Pretoria, May 1999.

A senior mine security official suggested that PGM thefts from plants and refineries result in a loss of approximately R30 million per month to the industry. This figure was based on a personal estimate with no reference to any verifiable facts.

The figures that follow are based on statistics and calculations provided by the Chamber of Mines of South Africa.